hannibal :: essays research papers

When Hannibal was nine he went with his father on the to conquer Spain. in advance starting, the kid swore to hate Rome. In two years he conquered all(a) Spain between the Tagus and Iberus rivers. The Romans branded this attack a violation of the existing treaty between Rome and Carthage and demanded that Carthage surrender Hannibal to them. On the refusal of the Carthaginians to do so, the Romans declared contend on Carthage, so because of that they precipitated in the Second Punic War. The march on Rome began Hannibal left Spain with an army of about 40,000, including cavalry and a take of elephants carrying baggage and later used in battle. He traversed the Alps in 15 days, beset by snowstorms, landslides, and the attacks of hostile mountain tribes. after recruiting superfluous men and invaded the Roman provinces. Then Rome sent to oppose Hannibal. Avoiding some(prenominal) decisive encounter with the Carthaginian troops, they nevertheless succeeded in keeping Hannibal at b ay, and giving the Romans the opportunity to recover from their military reverses. Hannibal wintered at Gerontium, and then he took up a position at Cannae on the Aufidus River. There he almost completely annihilated a Roman army of more(prenominal) than 50,000 men. Carthaginian losses were about 6700 men. After the Battle of Cannae, the character of the contend underwent a change. Hannibal needed reinforcements, which the Carthaginian government refused to give, and he also lacked weapons. He marched on Naples, but failed to take the city. The gates of Capua, one of the Italian cities that had go to Hannibal in consequence of his victory at Cannae, were opened to him. then Hannibal act to take Rome, but the Romans successfully maintained their fixed positions. The Romans then retook Capua. After four years of inconclusive fighting, Hannibal turned for aid to his brother Hasdrubal, who instanter marched from Spain. Hasdrubal, however, was surprised, defeated, and slain by the R oman consul Gaius Claudius Nero in the Battle of the Metauro River. After 15 years, and with Hannibals army getting smaller and smaller he was recalled to Africa to place the defense of his country against a Roman invasion When he got there his raw troops fled, many deserting to the Romans, and his veterans were cut down.

Government Taxation Essay -- Taxes

There ar devil things in life that are authentic death and imposees. In todays world, the majority of our judicatures income comes from assessation. A tax is not a voluntary payment or do republic, but an enforced contribution oblige by government (Mikesell, 2011). Taxes are an amount of money collected from citizens, and they are used to provide public goods and services to benefit our communities. Taxes are amounts launch in a political process of structured laws to determine how the incorporated cost of government services will be distributed among elements of the market prudence. The two most important tax policies are the level of taxation, or how much taxes should be, and the structure of the system, or how revenue is to be raised (Mikesell, 2011). To better watch taxation and its purposes, this paper will discuss in detail the varied tax structures- income taxes, sales taxes and property taxes and describe their advantages and disadvantages based on equity, sparing effects, collectability, and transparency.In the United States, taxes have been around even before the nation was founded. The criterion for taxes was proposed in a 1776 guide of taxation for a market-based economy by Adam Smith in the Wealth of Nations (Mikesell, 2011). During the Civil War, the government relied on excise taxes but they didnt generate sufficient revenue, so the first income tax was enacted in 1861. By 1895, the tax was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, and in 1913 the 16th Amendment was passed which gave the United States the power to tax personal income and resolved the revenue problem (Mikesell, 2011). During the Great Depression in the 1930s, the government added unemployment compensation and social security progr... ...l never be levied slightly because the world is turning into the haves and the have-nots. Works CitedDavidson, C. (2006, July 24). The history of taxes. In Yahoo Inc. Retrieved November 23, 2010, from http//www.associate dcontent.com/ expression/45350/the_history_of_taxes.html?cat=37Ellis-Christensen, T. (2010, September 10). What is retail sales tax? In Wise Geek. Retrieved November 21, 2010, from http//www.wisegeek.com/what-is-retail-sales-tax.htmHoletzky, S. (2010, September 26). What is property tax? In Wise Geek. Retrieved November 23, 2010, from http//www.wisegeek.com/what-is-property-tax.htmMikesell, J. (2011). financial administration Analysis and applications for the public sector (8th ed.). BostonPollick, M. (2010, August 2). What is income tax? In Wise Geek. Retrieved November 21, 2010, from http//www.wisegeek.com/what-is-income-tax.htm

Al Capone :: essays research papers

By all accounts, Alphonse did vigorous at school until the 6th grade, then at the age of 14 he was expelled for retaliating against a female teacher who hit him. Following his expulsion, the Capone family obdurate to move neighbourhoods - a chance move that would have a Brobdingnagian impact on Als criminal future.Just round the corner from Capones reinvigorated home was the headquarters of gentle humankind gangster insurgent Torrios East coast operation. And like many boys in the area, he became involved in trial errands for Torrio, just to earn a little extra money.Despite his function with Torrio and street gangs, Capone continued to work and support his family. However, when Torrio moved to Chicago, Capone was left turn out to some bad influences. At the age of 18, Capone was hired by an ravening gangster Frankie Yale to work in his bar, the Harvard Inn. It was an incident in the Harvard Inn that get Capone his nickname "Scarface".One night local gangster Fran k Gallucio was intoxication with his sister at the Harvard Inn, when Capone approached the young girl to pay her a compliment. Gallucio took offensive activity to the young punk and began a brawl with Capone, it was during the scuffle the older man pulled a knife and cut Capones face three times - Scarface was born.In early 1918, the career of Capone took an another(prenominal) unexpected turn when he met the other most influential person in his life - his future wife Mae. Later that year, on December 4th, Capone became the proud father of Albert (Sonny) Francis Capone - Johnny Torrio became the godfather to his son.such(prenominal) a dramatic transfer in lifestyle do him reckon his career, and he resigned from the Harvard Inn and went to work for a construction firm as a bookkeeper.Chicagos underworld beckonsIn January 1920, the 18th Amendment of the Prohibition Act came into force, which made the brewing, distilling and distribution of alcohol completely illegal. The Prohibi tion era had begun, and Chicagos criminal underworld, including Johnny Torrio, was well prepared to make bootlegging illegal alcohol an passing profitable business. Back in New York, Capone continued to concentrate on his legitimate career right up until the end of 1920 when his father tragically died. Without this strong parental figure, he resumed contact with Torrio, who had built up an influential racketeering empire in Chicago. It wasnt long before Torrio invited him to join him, and inside a few months, Capones life took a drastic turn that would change his destiny forever.

Ozone :: essays research papers fc

Ozone     Triatomic oxygen, O3, is most commonly known as ozone. It has aresonance structure, and can be drawn in two divergent ways          O=O-                                   O-O=OIt is a bluish, explosive gas at room temperature, and has a b aneleing directof -119C. It has a melting point of -193C, and is a blue liquid. Itscritical temperature and pressure are -12.1C and 53.8 atm, respectively. Ithas a pleasant odor in concentrations of less than 2 ppm, and is irritating andhurtful in higher concentrations. The density of ozone gas is 2.144 g/L, andthe density of ozone as a liquid is 1.614 g/mL. It is extremely unstable, andsolutions containing ozone explode upon warming. It is found in varyingproportions on Earth, but it is about 0.05 ppm at sea level.      Ozone absorbs destructive ultraviolet radiation in the upper atmosphere, andprotects humans from skin cancer. unless ozone is also the main ingredient of smog,and causes serious health do and timber and crop damage in the loweratmosphere. Ozone is formed through the chemic reaction of volatile organiccompounds and nitrogen dioxide, in the atmosphere, in the nominal head of sunlight.This reaction is called a photochemical reaction, because sunlight is required.The product is known as smog. The notorious brownish color of smog is due tonitrogen dioxide of the mixture. change magnitude temperature stimulate the reaction,which is why ozone conditions are worse in the summer. It is an oxidant,meaning it takes electrons aside from other molecules, and disrupts keystructures in cells by starting chain reactions.     Ozone is a serious national problem. Half of the largest urban areas inthe United States eliminate the ozone standards. The worst regions in the U Sinclude California and the Texas Gulf coast, and the northeastern and the Chicago-Milwaukee area during the summer. The ozone condition varies from year to year,as the temperature and weather fluctuate. This fluctuation also occursthroughout the day, as emissions from morning traffic builds up, the levels rise.Ozone emissions come from many things, such(prenominal) as automobiles, gas stations, powerplants, dry cleaners, paint shops, chemical manufacturing pants, oil refineries,and other business that release volatile organic compounds.     The health effects of ozone are chest pain, coughing, wheezing, lung andnasal congestion, labored breathing, sore throat, nausea, rapid breathing, and shopping center and nose irritation. The symptoms occur when the levels of ozone are onlyslightly higher than the sanctioned standard. Living in San Diego during myelementary school year, I personally mat the effects of ozone the tightness ofthe chest, wheezing, and labored breathing on certain hot, humid days.

Youth Gangs and Violence In Schools Essays -- Youth Gangs Essays

The theme, which I go decided to research and base my portfolio on, is Youth Gangs and Violence In Schools. The full term Youth is defined by the Compact Oxford English Dictionary as the period between childhood and adulthood and is also commonly apply as a noun to describe early days people. The same dictionary defines a Gang as an organised group of criminals or disorderly young people. Youth gangs atomic number 18 groups of young people who assemble and often enlist in criminal and illegal activities such as graffiti, vandalism, theft, robbery and ruddy activities including, gang fights and brawls. The Compact Oxford English Dictionary defines violence as conduct involving physiological force intended to hurt, damage or kill. Violent acts pull by gang members be often done with the intention of do physical and or psychological trauma/ injury to persons. These acts include bullying, threatening, inflicting physical injury or applying what soever physical force, which hurts a person, the throwing of objects and missiles at or towards persons, destruction of a victims property or any type of sexual abuse and sexual harassment. ====================================================================== Nowadays, t here is a d take in the mouth minority of students attending elementary and more so secondary schools who are forming gangs. The growth of gang goal has non only occurred in places alike(p) the United States of America and Great Britain, but also in smaller lesser-developed countries in the Caribbean. ====================================================================== Sad to say, Gang Violence in my very own school is on the rise. As re... ... In conclusion, neither the level nor incidence of school violence and gang culture has yet gripped the Caribbean as it has elsewhere. However, the youths here are influenced by the cross fertilization of contemporary social behaviour as depicted in songs, music videos (MTV BET VH1) films and literature. American culture is dominant and is very influential on Caribbean society. The two pieces are adept starting points. They are informative, well written and documented. The level and type of violence, which is emerge here has American influence and thus the studies are relevant, though not in all respects. Our socio-economic and demographic factors are quite different. Both studies are well written, clear and easy to follow and can undoubtedly take to heart the reader, as it did me, in my research on this topic.

Anxiety in Post Open-Heart Patients Essay -- Health, Diseases, Theorie

model analysis of trouble For many decades nursing has been developing son of a bitchs to assist with teaching of theoretical and archetypeual bases. Concept analysis has been identified by pushcart and Avant (2005) as encouraging communication within the discipline it is being investigate in. baby carriage and Avant (2005) also point out that the results of the concept analysis, the operational definition, the antecedents, and the shaping attributes can provide scientists with an excellent beginning for a new mother fucker or an excellent way to evaluate an old one (p.64). Walker and Avant (2005) based their process on a simplified version of Wilsons (1963) concept analysis procedure whereby there were 11 steps. Walker and Avant (2005) swallow condensed this process to 8 steps. For this particular concept analysis this is the process that go forth be employ. The current nursing diagnosis fretfulness will be used in this study as set forth by the North American Nursi ng Diagnosis Association.Selection of the Concept in spite of appearance Walker and Avant (2005) the selection of a concept is the first step with concept analysis. With selection of a concept choice is important as it relates to the look for within the area of interest. The concept pauperisms to build on the phenomenon of refer within the discipline. With this in mind the concept of anxiety is in need of being examined as it relates to the post open-heart population. A tool is needed to trace anxiety associated specifically with the post open-heart patient in mind. Moreover anxiety has been scientifically researched and is in need of careful analysis for this population (Anjali & Ulrich, 2007 Akansel & Kaymaki, 2007 Christensen, 2007). The tool proposed is the Subjective Unit Discomfort Scale (Wolp... ...d pressure, heart rate or respirations as well as light-headedness and dizziness.Table 1Empirical Referents of AnxietyPhysiologicalParasympathetic__________________Sympat hetic________________NauseaIncreased blood pressure Dry tattleDiarrheaIncreased pulseHeadachesFrequent urinationIncreased respirations squeamishnessDizzinessPerspirationPacingLight-headednessFlushingPupil dilationDyspneaInsomnia/nightmaresBehavioral_________Expressions of helplessnessPreoccupationFeelings of inadequacyRuminationCryingInability to problem-solveDifficulty concentrating disquietudeConclusion The information derived from this concept analysis will be used to develop an instrument to further the validation of environmental noise in post open-heart patients in the acute care setting.

Analysis of A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift :: essays research papers

This essay by Jonathan Swift is a brutal satire in which he suggests that the unworthy Irish families should kill their adolescent children and eat them in order to eliminate the growing number of starving citizens. At this snip is Ireland, there was extreme poverty and wide gap between the brusk and the rich, the tenements and the landlords, respectively. Through extinct the essay Swift uses satire and irony as a way to attack the indifference between classes. Swift is not hard suggesting cannibalism, he is laborious to comprise known the desperate state of the humble class and the need for a social and moral reform in Ireland. Jonathan Smith goes to extreme measures to explain his new plan to raise the economical wellorganism of his country. He explains what age is too young and what age is too old, in order to eat the tenants children when they are at their prime juiciness. He also gives a list of suggestions on how to cook them, ?A young healthy child well nursed, is , at a year old, a most delicious nourishing and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled, and I make no doubt that it will equally serve in a fricassee, or a ragout.? All of this talk about eating children comes as a surprise because previous to this disturbing suggestion, Swift is ironically discussing the enlist of starving beggars in Ireland. The reader is unprepared for the solution that he suggests. The supposition of eating all the youth in the country is obviously unsuccessful and is not being seriously suggested by the writer. He is simply trying to show how desperate the lower class is in Ireland. Swift introduces the reforms he is actually suggesting, taxing absentee landlords, of encouraging the domestic economy by purchase Irish goods, of discouraging pride, vanity, idleness, by dismissing them in his essay by truism that they are impractical. However, these reforms greatly differ from his ?modest proposal? because instead of the poor sacrificing their children, it would involve the rich sacrificing some of their luxuries. He is trying to point out the fact that reforms that would be practical and beneficial to the people of Ireland are being overlooked for the convenience of the rich.